We tend to make a lot of decisions in our life whether it is related to work or personal life. We usually make decisions based on few conditions, like I will buy a car if I get an increment next year.
Conditions are very important to everyone’s life to have a pleasant experience in our career or lifestyle. Similarly, In Programming languages also conditions play a pivotal role. They are the ones that help us develop a code that can satisfy all the business conditions and perform well.
Usually in Python Programming Language code executes in a sequential manner like the first line will be executed first followed by second line and so on until the end of the code. Conditional statements come into picture when we must decide that a certain part of code should run only if the condition is True.
In this article we will have a look into the different types of conditional statements that are present in Python Programming Language along with the Syntax of each statement, code and output examples.
Table of Contents
If Statement
If statement is used when we must execute a code block only if a given test condition is True. First the program will evaluate the test conditional expression and will only execute the code block if the test conditional expression is True. IF statement is written by using the if keyword.
Syntax
If test condition expression:
        Statement 1
        Statement 2…….
Example
# Example for IF Statement
# When Condition is True
number = 6
if number > 0:
        print (number,”Positive Number”)
print (“Outside If block”)
# When Condition is False
number = -6
if number > 0:
        print (number,”Positive Number”)
print (“Outside If block”)
Output
6 Positive Number
Outside If block
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If Else Statement
We cannot use only If statements for all the conditions that are required in each problem statement to develop our code. In some situations, we might have multiple conditions, that is why we have another conditional statement called IF ELSE.
This is like an IF statement, but we have two blocks here and one conditional expression. The if code block will run if the expression is True and else code block will run if the expression is false. IF ELSE statement uses if and else keywords.
Syntax
If test condition expression:
        Code block for if
Else:
        Code block for else
Code block outside
Example
# Example for IF ELSE Statement
# When Condition in True
number = 6
if number > 0:
        print(number,”Positive Number”)
else:
        print(number,”Negative Number”)
print(“Outside If block”)
# When Condition in True
number = -1
if number > 0:
        print(number,”Positive Number”)
else:
        print(number,”Negative Number”)
print(“Outside If block”)
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Output
6 Positive Number
Outside If block
-1 Negative Number
Outside If block
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Elif Statement
As discussed in the above conditional statement we tend to have multiple conditions that we need to take care of when we are developing a code for a business-related problem. One of such statements is ELIF Statement, this is used when we must check multiple conditions.
ELIF is a short form for ELSE IF. In ELIF, first the test condition expression is checked if it is True then the if code block is executed. If the ELIF first condition is false, the next ELIF test condition is checked and this is repeated until the last elif condition. If all the ELIF conditions are false, then the else code block will be executed. ELIF Statements are written by using if elif and else keywords.
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Syntax
If test condition expression:
        Code block for if
elif test condition expression 1:
        Code block for elif 1
elif test condition expression 2:
        Code block for elif 2
….
else:
        Code block for else
Code block outside
Example
# Example for ELIF Statement
# When one of the Condition is True
number = 90
if number == 0:
        print(number,”Condition 1 is true”)
elif number == 30:
        print(number,”Condition 2 is true”)
elif number == 60:
        print(number,”Condition 3 is true”)
elif number == 90:
        print(number,”Condition 4 is true”)
else:
        print(number,”None of the Conditions are true”)
print(“Outside elif block”)
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# When none of the Conditions are True
number = 50
if number == 0:
        print(number,”Condition 1 is true”)
elif number == 30:
        print(number,”Condition 2 is true”)
elif number == 60:
        print(number,”Condition 3 is true”)
elif number == 90:
        print(number,”Condition 4 is true”)
else:
        print(number,”None of the Conditions are true”)
print(“Outside elif block”)
Output
90 Condition 4 is true
Outside elif block
50 None of the Conditions are true
Outside elif block
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Nested IF Statement
Nested IF Statements are used when we want to execute a certain code where there are two or more conditions to be met. This statement uses only if and else keywords.
Syntax
If test condition expression:
    If test condition expression:
                    Code block for if
        else:
                    code block for else
else:
code block for else
Example
# Example for NESTED IF Statement
# Both the conditions are true
number = 10
if number >= 0:
        if number == 10:
                    print(‘The given number is 10’)
        else:
                    print(“The given number is a positive number”)
else:
        print(“The given number is a negative number”)
print(“Outside nested if block”)
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# One of the conditions are true
number = 20
if number >= 0:
        if number == 10:
                    print(‘The given number is 10’)
        else:
                    print(“The given number is a positive number”)
else:
        print(“The given number is a negative number”)
print(“Outside nested if block”)
## None of the conditions are true
number = -10
if number >= 0:
        if number == 10:
                    print(‘The given number is 10’)
        else:
                    print(“The given number is a positive number”)
else:
        print(“The given number is a negative number”)
print(“Outside nested if block”)
Output
The given number is 10
Outside nested if block
The given number is a positive number
Outside nested if block
The given number is a negative number
Outside nested if block
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Conclusion
In this article we got to know the importance of the conditional statements in the Programming language. We deep dived into the different conditional statements in Python Programming language. We have also looked into the practical implementation of the various conditional statements along with their suitable examples.
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